一、IF条件语句
语法
IF condition THENstatements;
ELSEIF condition THENstatements;
ELSEstatements;
END IF;
判断成绩等级
# 判断成绩等级
# 输入学生的编号,取出学生的第一门课，然后判断当前的课程的等级
drop procedure if exists p2;
delimiter $$
create procedure p2(in stuId int)
begin-- 定义局部变量declare myScore double default 0.0;declare myCname varchar(20);-- 查询学生的成绩select score,cname into myScore,myCnamefrom v4 where sid=stuIdorder by score desclimit 1;-- 根据局部变量做判断if myScore>80 thenselect concat(myCname,'A') 课程情况;elseif myScore<80 and myScore>60 thenselect concat(myCname,'B') 课程情况;elseselect concat(myCname,'C') 课程情况;end if;
end$$
delimiter ;
-- 调用存储过程
call p2(2);
调用SET @grade = '';
CALL a1(85.5, @grade);
SELECT @grade AS '成绩等级';
SET @grade = '';
CALL a1(59.5, @grade);
SELECT @grade AS '成绩等级';
二、CASE条件语句
CASE XWHEN condition1 THEN statements1WHEN condition2 THEN statements2...ELSE statements
END CASE;
根据性别返回称呼
| 特性 | DECLARE | SET |
|---|
| 用途 | 声明变量并定义类型 | 为已声明的变量赋值 |
| 位置 | BEGIN...END块开始，其他语句之前 | 变量声明后的任意位置 |
| 语法 | DECLARE 变量名 数据类型 [DEFAULT 默认值]; | SET 变量名 = 值; |
| 作用域 | 局部（当前块内） | 可操作局部变量和会话变量 |
| 功能限制 | 只能声明变量 | 只能赋值，不能创建变量 |
drop procedure if exists p3;
delimiter $$
create procedure p3(in stuId int)
begin-- 定义名字和性别declare name varchar(20);declare gender varchar(20);-- 查询select sname,ssex into name,genderfrom t_student where sid=stuId;-- 使用判断case genderwhen '男' thenset gender = '小伙子';when '女' thenset gender = '小姑娘';elseset gender = '妖怪';end case;-- 输出select name,gender;
end$$
delimiter ;
调用SET @title = '';
CALL a2(1001, @title);
SELECT @title AS '称呼';
SET @title = '';
CALL a2(1003, @title);
SELECT @title AS '称呼';
三、LOOP循环语句
[loop_label:] LOOPstatements;IF condition THENLEAVE [loop_label];END IF;
END LOOP [loop_label];
计算阶乘
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE a3(IN p_num INT, OUT p_result INT)
BEGINDECLARE i INT DEFAULT 1;SET p_result = 1;my_loop: LOOPSET p_result = p_result * i;SET i = i + 1;IF i > p_num THENLEAVE my_loop;END IF;END LOOP my_loop;
END //
DELIMITER ;
调用SET @result = 0;
CALL a3(5, @result);
SELECT @result AS '5的阶乘';
SET @result = 0;
CALL a3(3, @result);
SELECT @result AS '3的阶乘';
四、WHILE循环语句
[while_label:] WHILE condition DOstatements;
END WHILE [while_label];
打印数字
DELIMITER //
CREATE PROCEDURE a4(IN p_max INT)
BEGINDECLARE i INT DEFAULT 1;WHILE i <= p_max DOSELECT i AS '当前数字';SET i = i + 1;END WHILE;
END //
DELIMITER ;
调用CALL a4(3);
计算平均分
drop procedure if exists p6;
delimiter $$
create procedure p6()
begindeclare ns varchar(10) default '一二三四五六七八九十';declare name_length int default 2;declare name varchar(10) default '';declare idx int default 0;while char_length(name) < name_lengthdoset idx = floor(char_length(ns) * rand());set name = concat(name, substring(ns, idx, idx + 1));end while;select max(cid) + 1 into idx from t_course;insert into t_course(cid, cname, tid)values (idx, name, 1);
end$$
delimiter ;
call p6();
调用SET @avg_score = 0;
CALL a5(1001, @avg_score);
SELECT @avg_score AS '平均分';
