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综合实验 电子记事本的设计与实现

一、实验目的

掌握用户图形界面设计（GUI）的设计方法，了解布局管理器的知识，了解树形分层结构，掌握Java中的控件的使用。

二、实验内容

利用Java中的用户GUI图形界面设计、文件操作、数据库编程等方面的知识，实现电子记事本的设计与实现。

三、实验要求

（1）该实验应能体现本课程中的综合知识；
（2）该电子记事本应具有实用性。
（3）界面友好，操作简单。

四、实验步骤与结果

1.创建菜单栏、菜单项和文本域

    private JMenuBar menuBar;//菜单栏private JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();//文本域private JMenu wenjian,bianji,geshi,guanyu;//文件，编辑，格式，关于//文件菜单项private JMenuItem wenjian_open,wenjian_save,wenjian_new,wenjian_other_save,wenjian_exit;//打开，保存，新建，另存，退出//编辑菜单项private JMenuItem bianji_copy,bianji_cut,bianji_paste;//复制，剪切，粘贴//字体菜单项private JMenuItem geshi_font,geshi_font_color;//字体，字体颜色//关于菜单项private JMenuItem guanyu_about;//关于

2.txt文件过滤器

选取目录中的txt文件

 /*** txt文件过滤器*/public class FileFilter extends javax.swing.filechooser.FileFilter implements java.io.FileFilter {@Overridepublic boolean accept(File file) {if(file.isDirectory())return true;else{String name = file.getName();if(name.endsWith(".txt"))return true;else return false;}}@Overridepublic String getDescription() {return ".txt";}}

3.创建方法实现添加菜单和菜单项

    //添加菜单public JMenu addJManu(String name,JMenuBar menuBar){JMenu jMenu = new JMenu(name);menuBar.add(jMenu);return jMenu;}//添加菜单项public JMenuItem addJmenuItem(String name,JMenu menu){JMenuItem jMenuItem = new JMenuItem(name);menu.add(jMenuItem);return jMenuItem;}

4.初始化文本域

        setTitle("MyNotePad");setBounds(300,300,600,600);menuBar = new JMenuBar();this.setJMenuBar(menuBar);textArea.getDocument();//获得程序当前有效文档textArea.setFont(new Font("楷体",Font.PLAIN,14));//字体textArea.setSelectedTextColor(Color.red);//选中字体颜色textArea.setCaretColor(Color.BLACK);//光标颜色textArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);//是否单词边界换行textArea.setLineWrap(true);//是否换行add(new JScrollPane(textArea, JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED,JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED));

5.添加菜单到菜单栏

        wenjian = this.addJManu("文件(F)",menuBar);bianji = this.addJManu("编辑(E)",menuBar);geshi = this.addJManu("格式(O)",menuBar);guanyu = this.addJManu("关于",menuBar);

6.添加菜单项

1）文件

a.新建

		//新建wenjian_new = this.addJmenuItem("新建(N)  Ctrl+N",wenjian);wenjian_new.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//设置新文件内容textArea.setText("");}});

b.打开

		//打开wenjian_open = this.addJmenuItem("打开(O)  Ctrl+O",wenjian);wenjian_open.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {try{//设置当前目录jFileChooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));jFileChooser.setFileFilter(new FileFilter());//过滤文件jFileChooser.setAcceptAllFileFilterUsed(false);//全选文件//弹出一个 "Open File" 文件选择器对话框。jFileChooser.showOpenDialog(null);file = jFileChooser.getSelectedFile();//获取已选择目录str = file.getName();//获取目录命int len = (int)(jFileChooser.getSelectedFile()).length();char[] ch = new char[len];FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(file);fileReader.read(ch);str = new String(ch);textArea.setText(str.trim());} catch (FileNotFoundException fileNotFoundException) {//fileNotFoundException.printStackTrace();JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, fileNotFoundException);} catch (IOException ioException) {//ioException.printStackTrace();JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, ioException);}}});

c.保存

1.先判断该文件是否存在，如果不存在直接新建目录保存；如果已经存在，直接保存。
2.使用文件过滤器，使文件必须为.txt文件。

		//保存wenjian_save = this.addJmenuItem("保存(S)   Ctrl+S",wenjian);wenjian_save.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//判断当前文件是否存在if(file == null){//不存在，新建目录try{jFileChooser = new JFileChooser();jFileChooser.setCurrentDirectory(null);//设置当前目录str = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("输入文件名")+".txt";jFileChooser.setSelectedFile(new File(str));jFileChooser.setFileFilter(new FileFilter());//过滤文件//获取当前对象xint temp = jFileChooser.showSaveDialog(null);if (temp == jFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {//temp = 0if(file != null)file.delete();file = new File(jFileChooser.getCurrentDirectory(),str);file.createNewFile();FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);fileWriter.write(textArea.getText());fileWriter.close();}}catch (Exception e1){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, e1);}}else{try{FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);fileWriter.write(textArea.getText());fileWriter.close();}catch (Exception e1){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, e1);}}}});

d.另存为

另存和保存的步骤基本一致。

		//另存为wenjian_other_save = this.addJmenuItem("另存为",wenjian);wenjian_other_save.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {jFileChooser = new JFileChooser();jFileChooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));//设置当前目录try{if(file == null)str = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("输入文件名")+".txt";elsestr = file.getName();jFileChooser.setSelectedFile(new File(str));jFileChooser.setFileFilter(new FileFilter());//过滤文件int temp = jFileChooser.showSaveDialog(null);//获取当前对象if (temp == jFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {//temp = 0if(file != null)file.delete();file = new File(jFileChooser.getCurrentDirectory(),str);file.createNewFile();FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);fileWriter.write(textArea.getText());fileWriter.close();}}catch (Exception e1){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, e1);}}});

e.在退出前添加分割符

		//在退出前添加分割符wenjian.addSeparator();

f.退出

		//退出wenjian_exit = this.addJmenuItem("退出(X)",wenjian);wenjian_exit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {int state = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(myNotePad, "请确定是否退出？");if (state == JOptionPane.OK_OPTION)//OK_OPTION==0System.exit(0);}});

2）编辑

a.复制

		//复制bianji_copy = this.addJmenuItem("复制(C)  Ctrl+C",bianji);bianji_copy.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {textArea.copy();}});

b.剪切

		//剪切bianji_cut = this.addJmenuItem("剪切(T)  Ctrl+X",bianji);bianji_cut.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {textArea.cut();}});

c.粘贴

		//粘贴bianji_paste = this.addJmenuItem("粘贴(P)  Ctrl+V",bianji);bianji_paste.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {textArea.paste();}});

3）格式

a.字体

		//字体geshi_font = this.addJmenuItem("字体",geshi);geshi_font.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//获取图形环境GraphicsEnvironment graphicsEnvironment = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();JList fontNames = new JList(graphicsEnvironment.getAvailableFontFamilyNames());int sele = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,new JScrollPane(fontNames),"请选择",JOptionPane.OK_CANCEL_OPTION);Object seleFont = fontNames.getSelectedValue();if(sele == JOptionPane.OK_OPTION && seleFont != null)textArea.setFont(new Font(fontNames.getSelectedValue().toString(),Font.PLAIN,14));}});

b.字体颜色

		//字体颜色geshi_font_color = this.addJmenuItem("颜色",geshi);geshi_font_color.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {Color color = JColorChooser.showDialog(null,"颜色选择",Color.BLACK);textArea.setForeground(color);}});

4）关于

		//关于guanyu_about = this.addJmenuItem("关于MyNotePad",guanyu);guanyu_about.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"MyNotePad\n开发者：【信计2102——子麟】", "关于",JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);}});

7.主方法创建对象

public static void main(String[] args) {new MyNotePad().setVisible(true);//设置窗体可见}

8.完整代码如下

package NotePad;import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.*;public class MyNotePad extends JFrame {private JMenuBar menuBar;private JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea();private JMenu wenjian,bianji,geshi,guanyu;//文件，编辑，格式，关于private JMenuItem wenjian_open,wenjian_save,wenjian_new,wenjian_other_save,wenjian_exit;//打开，保存，新建，另存，退出private JMenuItem bianji_copy,bianji_cut,bianji_paste;//复制，剪切，粘贴private JMenuItem geshi_font,geshi_font_color;//字体private JMenuItem guanyu_about;//关于private JFileChooser jFileChooser = new JFileChooser();private File file;private String str = "";/*** txt文件过滤器*/public class FileFilter extends javax.swing.filechooser.FileFilterimplements java.io.FileFilter {@Overridepublic boolean accept(File file) {if(file.isDirectory())return true;else{String name = file.getName();if(name.endsWith(".txt"))return true;else return false;}}@Overridepublic String getDescription() {return ".txt";}}//添加菜单public JMenu addJManu(String name,JMenuBar menuBar){JMenu jMenu = new JMenu(name);menuBar.add(jMenu);return jMenu;}//添加菜单项public JMenuItem addJmenuItem(String name,JMenu menu){JMenuItem jMenuItem = new JMenuItem(name);menu.add(jMenuItem);return jMenuItem;}//初始化MyNotePad myNotePad;{Container contentPane = getContentPane();setTitle("MyNotePad");setBounds(300,300,600,600);menuBar = new JMenuBar();this.setJMenuBar(menuBar);textArea.getDocument();//获得程序当前有效文档textArea.setFont(new Font("楷体",Font.PLAIN,14));//字体textArea.setSelectedTextColor(Color.red);//选中字体颜色textArea.setCaretColor(Color.BLACK);//光标颜色textArea.setWrapStyleWord(true);//是否单词边界换行textArea.setLineWrap(true);//是否换行add(new JScrollPane(textArea, JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED,JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED));//添加菜单到菜单栏wenjian = this.addJManu("文件(F)",menuBar);bianji = this.addJManu("编辑(E)",menuBar);geshi = this.addJManu("格式(O)",menuBar);guanyu = this.addJManu("关于",menuBar);/*** 文件*///新建wenjian_new = this.addJmenuItem("新建(N)  Ctrl+N",wenjian);wenjian_new.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//设置新文件内容textArea.setText("");}});//打开wenjian_open = this.addJmenuItem("打开(O)  Ctrl+O",wenjian);wenjian_open.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {try{//设置当前目录jFileChooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));jFileChooser.setFileFilter(new FileFilter());//过滤文件jFileChooser.setAcceptAllFileFilterUsed(false);//全选文件//弹出一个 "Open File" 文件选择器对话框。jFileChooser.showOpenDialog(null);file = jFileChooser.getSelectedFile();//获取已选择目录str = file.getName();//获取目录命int len = (int)(jFileChooser.getSelectedFile()).length();char[] ch = new char[len];FileReader fileReader = new FileReader(file);fileReader.read(ch);str = new String(ch);textArea.setText(str.trim());} catch (FileNotFoundException fileNotFoundException) {//fileNotFoundException.printStackTrace();JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, fileNotFoundException);} catch (IOException ioException) {//ioException.printStackTrace();JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, ioException);}}});//保存wenjian_save = this.addJmenuItem("保存(S)   Ctrl+S",wenjian);wenjian_save.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//判断当前文件是否存在if(file == null){//不存在，新建目录try{jFileChooser = new JFileChooser();jFileChooser.setCurrentDirectory(null);//设置当前目录str = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("输入文件名")+".txt";jFileChooser.setSelectedFile(new File(str));jFileChooser.setFileFilter(new FileFilter());//过滤文件//获取当前对象int temp = jFileChooser.showSaveDialog(null);if (temp == jFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {//temp = 0if(file != null)file.delete();file = new File(jFileChooser.getCurrentDirectory(),str);file.createNewFile();FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);fileWriter.write(textArea.getText());fileWriter.close();}}catch (Exception e1){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, e1);}}else{try{FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);fileWriter.write(textArea.getText());fileWriter.close();}catch (Exception e1){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, e1);}}}});//另存为wenjian_other_save = this.addJmenuItem("另存为",wenjian);wenjian_other_save.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {jFileChooser = new JFileChooser();jFileChooser.setCurrentDirectory(new File("."));//设置当前目录try{if(file == null)str = JOptionPane.showInputDialog("输入文件名")+".txt";elsestr = file.getName();jFileChooser.setSelectedFile(new File(str));jFileChooser.setFileFilter(new FileFilter());//过滤文件int temp = jFileChooser.showSaveDialog(null);//获取当前对象if (temp == jFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION) {//temp = 0if(file != null)file.delete();file = new File(jFileChooser.getCurrentDirectory(),str);file.createNewFile();FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);fileWriter.write(textArea.getText());fileWriter.close();}}catch (Exception e1){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, e1);}}});//在退出前添加分割符wenjian.addSeparator();//退出wenjian_exit = this.addJmenuItem("退出(X)",wenjian);wenjian_exit.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {int state = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(myNotePad, "请确定是否退出？");if (state == JOptionPane.OK_OPTION)//OK_OPTION==0System.exit(0);}});/*** 编辑*///复制bianji_copy = this.addJmenuItem("复制(C)  Ctrl+C",bianji);bianji_copy.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {textArea.copy();}});//剪切bianji_cut = this.addJmenuItem("剪切(T)  Ctrl+X",bianji);bianji_cut.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {textArea.cut();}});//粘贴bianji_paste = this.addJmenuItem("粘贴(P)  Ctrl+V",bianji);bianji_paste.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {textArea.paste();}});/*** 格式*///字体geshi_font = this.addJmenuItem("字体",geshi);geshi_font.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//获取图形环境GraphicsEnvironment graphicsEnvironment = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();JList fontNames = new JList(graphicsEnvironment.getAvailableFontFamilyNames());int sele = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,new JScrollPane(fontNames),"请选择",JOptionPane.OK_CANCEL_OPTION);Object seleFont = fontNames.getSelectedValue();if(sele == JOptionPane.OK_OPTION && seleFont != null)textArea.setFont(new Font(fontNames.getSelectedValue().toString(),Font.PLAIN,14));}});//字体颜色geshi_font_color = this.addJmenuItem("颜色",geshi);geshi_font_color.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {Color color = JColorChooser.showDialog(null,"颜色选择",Color.BLACK);textArea.setForeground(color);}});/*** 关于*///关于guanyu_about = this.addJmenuItem("关于MyNotePad",guanyu);guanyu_about.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"MyNotePad\n开发者：【信计2102——子麟】", "关于",JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);}});this.setResizable(true); // 窗体是否可变}public static void main(String[] args) {new MyNotePad().setVisible(true);//设置窗体可见}
}

Ps:仅供参考！